第一课复习重点
1.经营范围
课文中用法: As this item falls
替代用法:
The item you inquired for comes within the frame of our business activities.你们所询的商品正属于WO们的业务经营范围 .
We handle the import business of textiles.WO公司经营 纺织 品的进口业务 .
We deal in Chinese textiles.WO们经营中国 纺织 品 .
We are engaged in the exportation of chemicals.WO们经营化工产品的出口 .
This shop trades in paper and stationery.这商店经营文具纸张 .
We are in the cotton piece goods business.
Cotton Piece Goods are our line. 棉布 是WO公司经营的产品 .
Cotton Piece Goods are our main exports.棉布是WO们的主要进口商品 .
2.建立业务关系
课文中用法:to enter into direct business relations with you与你公司建立直接的业务关系 .
注重:relations 必用复数; business 可用trade 替代 .
与某某建立业务联系,一般用法:to establish business relations with……;to enter into business activities with……;to build up business relations with……;to make business contact with …… .
与谁建立业务联系用with, 如:与你公司<你们,潜在顾客等>建立联系to establish business relations with your company
建立什么样的关系:to establish direct <直接的> [pleasant <愉快的>,friendly <友好的>,good <良好的>,mutually beneficial <互利的>] relations with …… .
在什么基础上建立业务关系:on the basis of…… 如:We are willing to enter into business relations with your firm on the basis of equality, mutual benefit and exchanging what one has for what one needs.WO们愿在平等互利、互通有无的基础上与你公司建立业务联系 .
促进业务联系:to promote business relations;加强业务联系:to strengthen
3.general idea
A general idea 概况 . <对应于具体情况 :in details,Full details, all the details, important details, detail information> .
4.Available
Available 形容词available放在它所修饰的名词前或后都可以,如:Available quantity 或quantity available 可供数量 . 在外贸书信中放在后面比较普通,如:Do you have any sample available? 你们能给WO们寄样品吗?
5.Quotation
quotation 做“报价”解时,常与动词make, send, give 等连用:Please make
另外,还可以用let us have 的结构:Please let us have your lowest quotation.
“quotation”后面常跟介词for,然后接所报的商品,在少数情况下,买方提及卖方的报价时用of.
向对方请求报价时,必用for: Please make us your lowest quotation for Chinese Folding Fans.请报中国折扇最低价 .
提到对方报来的价,即已形成了的报价用of: Your quotation of ChineseFolding Fans is too high to be acceptable.你方中国折扇报价太高,不能接受 .
6.结尾语
We look forward to your favourable reply. 盼佳音 . 通常WO们以“盼早复”“盼佳音”等来结束此类信件 .
第二课复习重点
1.Quote
与quotation 相对应的动词是 quote.
做报价解时的基本结构是:quote sb a price for sth: Please quote us your lowest price for walnuts.请向WO方报核桃价 .
有时不说以介词for短语表示的商品,就成为quote sb a price: Please quote us your lowest price. 请向WO方报最低价 .
有时只要直接宾语,而省略其它部分就成为quote a price: Please quote your lowest price.
2.Happen to
这一结构和动词连用,可以用来强调一件事是偶然发生的 . 如:I happen to know your are wrong.
但这一结构和名词连用,则表示“临到……头上” . 如:If anything happens to him, let me know. 假如他遭到什么意外,请 通知 WO .
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另外,happen to 也常与if 与should连用 . If
3.Desire
desire n./v. 期望,渴望;要求,请求<比wish强烈>
4.Information
Information n. 消息,报道<不可数名词,后常接介词on或about, 也可以接regarding或concerning>We shall be glad to receive more information on
All necessary information 一切必要的情况 . 此句中提到的catalog 与sample books 在商业书信中都属于information的范围 .
Catalogue n. 目录<本>[目录本适用于一般商品,列名具体规格及商品号码等,有绘画、照片或图表者,称为illustrated catalogue.
单页的商品说明书称为leaflet. Sample books 样品本 [把 布匹 、纸张等各种花样,图案的小块剪样
5.Acquaint
so as to acquaint us with the material and workmanship of your supplies. 以便WO公司熟悉你公司供货的质地和工艺 . Acquaint sb. with sth. 等于 inform sb of sth; tell sb sth. 分页标题#e#
6.Supply
supply 可以用作名词,也可以用作动词 .
Supply 作名词用时表示“供给”或“供给的货物” .
在使用中要注重:
a.作名词用: 表示抽象的概念以及一些习语中时,常用单数:Supply now exceeds demand on our market.目前WO方市场供过于求 . The goods are in short
表示具体概念时,用单复数都可以:We are replenishing supply
b.作动词用:要注重句型:- We can supply you with all kinds of leather shoes. - We can supply all kinds of leather shoes. - We believe we shall be able to supply your requirements.
7.Intend
intend 打算,是正式用语, 指“心里已有做某事的目标或计划”, 含有“行动果断”之意, 如: I intended to write to you.WO要给你写信 .
mean 也含有“想做某事”的意思,可与 intend互换, 但强调“做事的意图”, 较口语化, 如: I mean to go to bed earlier tonight.今晚 WO想早些睡觉 .
另外类似的词还有propose,指“公开明确地提出自已的目的或计划”, 如:I proposed to speak for an hour.WO想讲一小时 .
8.Appreciate
appreciate指对…表示感激、感谢 . 如:I really appreciate your help.WO真的很感激你的帮助 .
第三课复习重点
1.under separate cover
under separate cover表示“另封邮寄”,对应于enclose.
Enclose表示“随函附寄” . 除了under separate cover 还可以用by separate mail, by separate post ; 或by another mail, by another post
注重:这几个词意思完全一样,但搭配不同 .
2.Offer
在国际贸易中,可作报价解的除quote与quotation外,还有一个常用词,即offer.
Offer作报盘解时,既可作名词用,也可作动词用 .
Offer作名词用时,常与动词make, send, give等连用,后接介词for或on, 或of, 接 for最普通,接on较少见,买方提及卖方的报盘时,即说到对方已报某货的盘或某数量的盘时,常用of.如:Please make
Offer做动词时,可以不及物,如: We will offer as soon as possible. WO方将尽早报盘 . 也可以及物 .
作及物动词用时,宾语可以是人,可以是物,也可以有双宾语 .
We hope to be able to offer you next week. WO们希望能于下周某一天向你方报盘 .
We can offer various kinds of cotton piece goods. WO们能报盘各式各样的棉布 .
We can offer you Iron Nails at attractive prices. WO们能以具有吸引力的价格向你报盘铁钉 .
严格讲quote/quotation 与 offer不同,quote/quotation是报价,指某一商品的单价,offer是报盘,除单价外,还包括数量,交货期,付款方式等等 .
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另外,offer比较固定,卖方价格报出后,一般不能轻易变动,而quote/quotation则不同,卖方报价后,不受约束,可以根据情况略加调整 . 尽管有区别,但各国商人则往往把这两个词混用 . 这一点要非凡注重 .
另外,在使用时,还应注重下列习惯用法:Please offer us 500 Bicycles CIF London. Please quote us your lowest price for 500 Bicycles CIF London.
注重:动词quote 的基本用法:to quote sb. a price for sth. 动词 offer 的基本用法:to offer sb. sth.
3.In due course
in due course 是商业书信中的成语,有时用副词duly,意指情况正常按时到达 .
4.At seller‘s/buyer’s option
at seller‘s option 表示由卖方 决定 ,而at buyer’s option 则表示由买方 决定 .
5.Acceptable,Accept, Acceptance
acceptable 是形容词,可接受的;accept是动词,接受;acceptance是名词,接受 .
在报盘有效期内接受报盘的全部 条款 ,达成交易 . WO们就说:We accept your offer of 2 000 kilos black tea. 或:We confirm our acceptance of your offer of …
若买方只是说:Your offer is acceptable. We are accepting your offer.都不应理解为业务已经成交,对此必须非凡注重,以免在实际业务中发生误会 .
6.conformation
confirmation 是名词,表示确认 .
第四课复习重点
1.to be indebted to somebody for something
to be indebted to somebody for something 是这种句式基本语序,但在实践中,假如somebody是一个比较长的短语,为了使整个句子读起来更通顺,更轻易理解,就可以把它挪到句尾:to be indebted to somebody for something.
如本课 We are indebted for your address to the Commercial Counselor\'s Office of the Algerian Embassy in Beijing. WO们得知你公司的地址,要感谢阿尔及利亚驻 北京 大使馆商赞处 . 在这里,要感谢的人是the Commercial Counselor\'s Office of the Algerian Embassy in Beijing. 阿尔及利亚驻 北京 大使馆商赞处,这是个比较长的短语,所以放在句尾 .
2.inform/advise
They have informed us that……该处已经告知WO们……
Inform 做 通知 讲时,可与advise换用 .
常用结构:
a. 宾语后接of短语: in form somebody of something. 不过近来国外来信有省略介词of的现象 . We shall in form you 分页标题#e#
b. 宾语后接从句 inform somebody that/what/which: We wish to inform you that business has been done at US$110 per metric ton. WO们已经以每公吨110美元的价格成交,特此告知 .
c.兹通知<你们>……Please be informed that……: Please be informed that we have already sent the samples requested. 兹通知你方,WO方已经将所索样品寄出 .
注重:假如省略宾语<人称代词>则不宜使用inform.如:Please advise the name of steamer. 请告知船名 . Please advise what quantity you can sell a year.请告知每年可销售的数量 . 在这种情况下,不能用inform,只能用advise.
3.in the market for something
in the market for something 是书面语言,表示想买进某物 . 如课文中:You are in the market for Chemicals. 你公司要购买化工产品 .
除此以外,in the market for something 也可以引申于“乐于接受某物” . 如:I\'m always in the market for good new ideas.WO总是乐于接受有益的新建议 .
in the market 是想要买<或卖>的意思 . 如:Please advise us when you are in the market.当你们想要买<或卖>时,请告知WO们 .
In the market 还可以做“上市,出售,可以买到”解,同on the market可以相互替代 .
如:This is the best article on the market.这是市场上可以买到的最好的商品 .
又如:The article will be on the market.商品本周就会上市 .
其他一些在商业中会用到的market词组:
at the market 主要用于交易所,意思是:照市价,照当前最好的行情 .
bring to market, put on the market, come into the market 都可以用来表示:在市场上出售,投放市场 . 如:The new color TV will come into the market soon. 新型彩色电视机不久将投放市场 .
lose one\'s market 失去做买卖的机会 . 如:We don\'t want to lose our market by sticking to have it at the market price. WO们不想因为坚持按市价购进而失去做买卖的机会 .
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price out of the market <商品>定价过高而无人购买 . 如:If you don\'t accept a low profit, you\'ll price yourself right out of the market. 假如你不同意降低利润,就只有漫天要价无人问津了 .
4.Enclose
enclose 是动词,表示“封入” . 商业信件中常有在 enclose后加herewith的,如We enclose herewith a copy of our price list. 但最好不用,因enclose与herewith在意义上重复 .
表示附在某封信内,用介词with 或 in: Please refer to the price list enclosed with
过去分词enclosed作表语时,常倒装置于句首 . 如A copy of our Export List are enclosed.
在课文中将enclosed 倒装:Enclosed herewith is a copy of our Export List 现随函附寄WO公司出口商品表一份 .
过去分词enclosed作宾语补足语时,也常倒装置于句首或置于谓语动词之后:Enclosed please find a copy of our price list. <或 Please find enclosed a copy of our price list.> 随函附寄WO公司价目表一份 .
过去分词enclosed可作名词,前面加定冠词:We believe you will find the enclosed interesting. WO们相信你们对所附之件会感爱好 .
5.Requirements
requirement 表示需要时,常用单数,后接介词of: We have noted your requirement of samples and catalogues.WO们已经注重到你们需要样品和商品目录 .
表示需要的货物或需要量时常用复数,后接介词for或of: We can meet your requirements for Walnut meat.WO们可以满足你方对核桃仁的需要 . Please let us know your annual requirements of Walnuts.请告知你方对核桃的年需求量 .
注重:表示满足需要,除meet外,还可以用satisfy, fill, supply 等动词 .
6.Promote
to promote both business and friendship促进业务和友谊;
可替代的用法是:to promote friendship as well as business .
7.trade in 和trade with
in our trade with customers in the Asian-African countriesWO们在同亚非国家的客户进行贸易时;
trade 做动词用时,表示“从事贸易,做生意,经营” .
注重:和某人做贸易接with, 经营某项商品接in. 如:They trade mainly in cotton piece goods.他们主要经营棉布 .