April 12, 1927, and July 15, Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei in Nanjing, and Wuhan has launched the \"red purge\" operation, the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee of the Provisional Hankow held meetings, decided to use the master, and under the influence of the Communist Party of the National Revolutionary Armed Forces was held in Nanchang uprising and appointed Zhou Enlai as the secretary of the Front Committee uprising leading institutions.
July 27, Zhou Enlai was held in Nanchang with Zhu De, Liu Bocheng, Yun Daiying, Peng Pai, Ye Ting, Nie Rongzhen, and Jiangxi, a major party organizations attended the meeting, set up in order for the staff Bocheng head, Zhou Enlai, Ye Ting , Long as members of the Staff Committee, comprising the military headquarters of the uprising, from the chief commander of He Long, Ye Ting as front commander. At 2:00 on August 1, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, He Long, Ye Ting, Liu Bocheng and other command and the various rebel army to the Kuomintang troops stationed in Nanchang attack, after more than four hours of fierce fighting, and annihilated more than 3,000 people around , and seized more than 5,000 branches around guns, bullets, about 100 thousand hair, guns a few doors, occupied the city of Nanchang. In the morning, the KMT Central Committee was held in Nanchang, the provincial areas in particular the Department of City and overseas on behalf of the party\'s joint meeting adopted the \"Declaration of the Central Committee\", set up by the Soong Ching Ling, Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting, Zhu De and other 25 people the composition of the Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, adopted the \"Declaration of 81 Uprising\" and other documents, put forward the \"Down with imperialism,\" \"Down with the old and new warlords,\" \"the implementation of land to the tiller\" and other slogans and platforms of the revolution. The same time, the uprising was reorganized forces, are still using the National Revolutionary Army 2nd Front Army designation, to Long and on behalf of the commander in chief. A result of enemy attack with heavy weapons, Nanchang, China before the Committee of the CPC Central Committee decided to schedule, mutinous troops on August 3 to 6 successive withdrawal of Nanchang, swept southward by way of Linchuan, yihuang, Kwong-cheong, went straight to the Chaozhou-Shantou region of Guangdong .
Uprising forces in Ruijin, Jiangxi, Huichang defeated the reactionary Kuomintang troops to intercept, and then through the Changting Fujian, and Guangdong Taepo Shanghang, was occupied in late September Chaozhou, Shantou, Jieyang, the soup after the main forces west pit. Early in October, the West into the forces and the troops were advantages of staying in the Chaozhou-Shantou enemy siege, most of the uprising army dispersed, some break out into the sea Lufeng, with local farmers to join militants; and partly by Zhu De, Chen Yi, led by the southern Jiangxi, northern Guangdong into the southern Hunan to carry out guerrilla warfare. In January 1928, local party organizations and farmers in southern Hunan in cooperation with the armed, in Yizhang held an \"off-year uprising.\" As the advantages of the enemy was a \"co-destroy\" armed peasant uprising forces and the withdrawal of southern Hunan, in April the same year arrived in the Jinggangshan and the victory of Mao Tse-tung led forces joined forces to form the Chinese workers and peasants Revolutionary Army 4th Army, later renamed the Red Army first Si-jun.
July 11, 1933, the Chinese Soviet Republic under the Provisional Central Government of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission of June 30 proposal, decided August 1 anniversary of the establishment for the Red Army. June 15, 1949, the Chinese People\'s Revolutionary Military Commission issued an order requiring the \"81\" should be as the People\'s Liberation Army flag and the emblem of the main symbol. After the founding of The People\'s Republic of China, renamed the People\'s Liberation Army Day this anniversary.
1927年4月12日和7月15日，蒋介石、汪精卫先后在南京和武汉发动“清共”行动后，中共中央在汉口召开了临时政治局常委会议，决定利用共产党掌握和影响下的国民革命军在南昌举行起义，并指派周恩来为起义领导机关前敌委员会书记。
分页标题#e#
7月27日，周恩来在南昌召开了有朱德、刘伯承、恽代英、彭湃、叶挺、聂荣臻以及江西党组织负责人参加的重要会议，成立了以刘伯承为参谋团长，周恩来、叶挺、贺龙为委员的参谋团，下设起义军总指挥部，由贺龙任总指挥，叶挺任前敌总指挥。 8月1日凌晨2时，周恩来、朱德、贺龙、叶挺、刘伯承等各指挥的各个起义军向驻守南昌的国民党军队发动进攻，经过四个多小时的激战，歼敌大概3000余人，缴获枪支大概5000余支，子弹大概100万余发，大炮数门，占领了南昌城。当天上午，在南昌举行了国民党中央委员、各省区特别市和海外各党部代表联席会议，通过了《中央委员宣言》，成立了由宋庆龄、周恩来、贺龙、叶挺、朱德等25人组成的中国国民党革命委员会，通过了《八一起义宣言》等文件，提出了“打倒帝国主义”、“打倒新旧军阀”、“实行耕者有其田”等革命口号和政纲。同时对起义部队进行了整编，仍沿用国民革命军第二方面军番号，以贺龙兼代总指挥。因敌以重兵进攻南昌，中共前委决定根据中共中央的预定计划，起义部队于8月3日至6日先后撤离南昌，挥师南下，取道临川、宜黄、广昌，直奔广东潮汕地区。
起义部队在江西瑞金、会昌打垮了国民党反动军队的堵截，然后经过福建的长汀、上杭和广东的大浦，于9月下旬占领了潮州、汕头，主力部队经揭阳向汤坑西进。10月初，西进部队和留守潮汕的部队遭到优势敌军的围攻，起义部队大部分被打散，一部分突围到了海陆丰，与当地的农民武装会合；另一部分由朱德、陈毅率领经赣南、粤北转入湘南，开展游击战争。1928年1月在湘南地方党组织和农民武装的配合下，在宜章举行了“年关起义”。由于遭到优势敌军的“协剿”，起义部队和农民武装撤出湘南，于同年4月到达井冈山与毛泽东率领的部队胜利会师，组成中国工农革命军第四军，后改称工农红军第四军。
1933年7月11日，中华苏维埃共和国临时中央政府根据中央革命军事委员会6月30日的建议，决定8月1日为中国工农红军成立纪念日。1949年6月15日，中国人民革命军事委员会发布命令，规定以“八一”两字作为中国人民解放军军旗和军徽的主要标志。中华人民共和国成立后，将此纪念日改称为中国人民解放军建军节。